{"id":3215,"date":"2026-06-28T15:03:21","date_gmt":"2026-06-28T15:03:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/?p=3215"},"modified":"2026-08-21T18:23:51","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T18:23:51","slug":"probate-in-the-usa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/en\/probate-in-den-usa\/","title":{"rendered":"Probate in the USA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_section_0 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_flex_section\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row et_flex_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_0 et_pb_column et-last-child et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_24_24 et_flex_column_24_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_widescreen et_flex_column_24_24_ultraWide\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_0 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--vagigjlldr\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h1 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Probate in the USA<\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_image_0 et_pb_image et_pb_module et_flex_module\"><span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/urbanthier-probate.jpg\" title=\"Urbanthier probate\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1055\" srcset=\"https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/urbanthier-probate.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/urbanthier-probate-1280x675.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/urbanthier-probate-980x517.jpg 980w, https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/urbanthier-probate-480x253.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, (min-width: 1281px) 2000px, 100vw\" class=\"wp-image-3221\" \/><\/span>\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--mfbzvgyhbi\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><span class=\"blue science-text\" data-t=\"detail-panel-content-author-name\">Image source: Natee Meepian<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_1 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Anyone holding assets in the United States or facing a U.S. estate as an heir will regularly encounter the term <strong>\u201eProbate\u201c<\/strong>. In general usage, it refers to the <strong>judicial probate proceedings in the USA<\/strong> is designated. Strictly speaking, \u201eprobate\u201c can also mean the judicial determination or admission of a will, depending on the state. In practice, however, the term usually encompasses the entire judicial process by which an estate is inventoried, managed, liabilities are settled, and then distributed to the rightful persons.<\/p>\n<p>For German, Austrian, and Swiss clients, it is especially important to note: The probate process is not a uniform U.S. procedure. <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/en\/international-inheritance-law\/\">Inheritance law<\/a> is predominantly regulated at the individual state level. Procedures, responsibilities, formal requirements, deadlines, and costs can therefore vary significantly between states such as Florida, New York, or California. For international estates, early coordination with the law of the last domicile, the location of the assets, and, if applicable, German inheritance and tax law is required.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_divider_0 et_pb_divider et_pb_space et_pb_divider_position_top et_pb_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_divider_internal\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_1 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--4x10clg8wd preset--module--divi-heading--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">What happens in the probate process?<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_2 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>A probate proceeding serves to enable the orderly legal settlement of an estate under court supervision. Typically, the will and its validity are first examined, if a will exists. The responsible court then appoints a <strong>Personal Representative<\/strong>. This person often functionally corresponds to the German administrator of an estate or executor of a will. However, their exact status and powers depend on the law of the respective federal state and on the will.<\/p>\n<p>The personal representative is regularly tasked with,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Identify, secure, and manage estate assets<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>to examine estate liabilities and legitimate creditor claims,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>to arrange for the necessary tax returns and procedural documents,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>to represent the estate before banks, authorities, contractual partners, and courts<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>to distribute the remaining assets to the beneficiaries named in the will or, in the absence of a valid will, to the statutory heirs<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>An effective will generally determines who will receive property and whom the testator wishes to appoint as personal representative. If there is no will or if it is not recognized, the statutory succession of the responsible state applies. This can lead to outcomes that deviate significantly from German concepts or the presumed will of the deceased.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_divider_1 et_pb_divider et_pb_space et_pb_divider_position_top et_pb_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_divider_internal\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_2 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Which court has jurisdiction?<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_3 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The main proceedings are generally conducted in the state where the deceased had his or her last place of residence or domicile. There, the so-called <strong>domiciliary administration<\/strong> opened.<\/p>\n<p>If additional assets, particularly real estate, are located in another U.S. state, further proceedings may be necessary there: the <strong>ancillary administration<\/strong>. Its purpose is to administer the estate assets located in this other state. Even if there are primary estate proceedings in Germany or abroad, these do not automatically replace U.S. proceedings.<\/p>\n<p>This is particularly relevant for international mandates. For example, a German testator may have had their last place of residence in Germany but simultaneously own a house or condominium in Florida. In this case, in addition to the German probate proceedings, the specific procedural requirements of Florida for the assets located there must also be examined. The recognition of a foreign will, the appointment of an administrator, and the transfer of ownership do not automatically follow German law.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_3 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">The Most Important Probate Procedures in Florida<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_4 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Florida has several methods of estate administration. Which option is appropriate depends primarily on the value of the assets subject to probate, the date of death, the estate\u2019s liabilities, and the terms of any existing will.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_4 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--4x10clg8wd\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Formal Administration<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_5 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The <strong>Formal Administration<\/strong> This is the standard and comprehensive probate proceeding. It is required, in particular, when the conditions for a simplified proceeding are not met or when the will specifies that such administration is required.<\/p>\n<p>The court appoints a personal representative to manage the estate and carry out the legally required steps. These regularly include notifying interested parties, settling creditor claims, collecting and valuing assets, and the final distribution. For real estate, multiple heirs, outstanding claims, or cross-border issues, this procedure is often the appropriate, albeit more time- and cost-intensive, solution.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_5 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--4x10clg8wd\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">2. Summary Administration<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_6 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_7 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>The <strong>Summary Administration<\/strong> is an expedited procedure. It may be applicable to both the estates of individuals residing in Florida and the estates of decedents who were not residents of Florida.<\/p>\n<p>Under \u00a7 735.201 of the Florida Statutes, it is generally possible if the value of the estate requiring administration in Florida, after deducting certain assets exempt from creditor claims, <strong>does not exceed 75,000 U.S. dollars<\/strong> or if the testator has been deceased for more than two years. For a will, it must also not require formal administration under Chapter 733. The requirements must be carefully examined on a case-by-case basis. In particular, summary administration is not merely an optional \u201eexpedited process.\u201c.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_6 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--4x10clg8wd\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">3. Disposition Without Administration<\/h3><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_8 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_9 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>In Florida, there is also a very limited possibility of <strong>Disposition Without Administration<\/strong>. It does not generally concern \u201esmall estates,\u201c but rather specific constellations with exempt personal assets and limited other personal assets. These may essentially not exceed preferential funeral costs and reasonable medical expenses incurred within the legally prescribed period. Real estate and more complex asset structures cannot typically be settled through this procedure.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_divider_2 et_pb_divider et_pb_space et_pb_divider_position_top et_pb_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_divider_internal\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_7 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Attorney Duty and Role of the Personal Representative in Florida<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_10 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>In Florida, a personal representative in probate proceedings must generally be represented by an attorney licensed to practice in Florida. An important exception applies if the personal representative is also the sole interested party in the estate. Even an attorney licensed in Florida may represent themselves in this capacity. This exception must be interpreted narrowly. Where there are multiple heirs or other interested parties, legal representation is generally required.<\/p>\n<p>This has practical implications for foreign heirs: Even if a German attorney is handling the estate planning or coordinating the overall matter, the probate proceedings in Florida generally require the involvement of a probate attorney licensed to practice there.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_divider_3 et_pb_divider et_pb_space et_pb_divider_position_top et_pb_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_divider_internal\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_11 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_8 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--4x10clg8wd preset--module--divi-heading--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Why International Estates Require Special Planning<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_12 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>With US assets, problems often arise not only in the event of inheritance but already due to a lack of or uncoordinated planning. While a German will can be relevant for US assets, it does not necessarily meet all the requirements of the respective state or lead to an efficient process there.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, particularly in the case of U.S. real estate, bank accounts, investments, or company shares, it is important to review these matters early on,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>whether a separate US will coordinated with the German will makes sense<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Whether and how a probate process can be avoided or simplified<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>who is suitable as a personal representative<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>whether assets are held outside of probate, for example, through valid beneficiary designations or appropriate <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/en\/us-trusts-and-offshore-trusts-in-international-estate-planning\/\">Trust structures<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>and what German and U.S. tax consequences may arise<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A trust or other succession structure can help reduce probate assets in individual cases. However, it is not a standard solution: its civil law, tax, and practical consequences must be coordinated for all affected jurisdictions.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_divider_4 et_pb_divider et_pb_space et_pb_divider_position_top et_pb_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_divider_internal\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_9 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Practical risks without clear estate planning<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_13 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Without <a href=\"https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/en\/estate-planning-with-assets-in-the-usa\/\">resilient planning<\/a> Heirs can face significant delays. Bank accounts may be temporarily unavailable, real estate cannot be easily sold or encumbered, and managing ongoing rental agreements can be difficult. In addition, there are court costs, legal fees, potential disputes among parties, and the necessity of coordinating multiple proceedings in different states.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, in cross-border inheritances, it is not solely decisive who is to inherit according to the will. It is equally important whether the chosen arrangement can be practically implemented in the respective US state and whether it is consistent with German estate and tax planning.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_divider_5 et_pb_divider et_pb_space et_pb_divider_position_top et_pb_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_divider_internal\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_heading_10 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--4x10clg8wd preset--module--divi-heading--default\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h2 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Assistance with US estates related to Florida and Europe<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_14 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Urban Thier Federer assists clients and heirs with international estate matters involving the U.S., particularly concerning assets in Florida. The advisory services include the review of existing wills, the coordination of probate proceedings, cooperation with locally licensed attorneys, and coordination with German or British estate matters.<\/p>\n<p>The goal is a legally sound and practically implementable estate settlement, both with early planning and in the event of an inheritance that has already occurred.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_1 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_flex_section\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_1 et_pb_row et_flex_row\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_1 et_pb_column et-last-child et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_24_24 et_flex_column_24_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_phone et_flex_column_24_24_phoneWide et_flex_column_24_24_tabletWide et_flex_column_24_24_widescreen et_flex_column_24_24_ultraWide\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_11 et_pb_heading et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-heading--6yzm59di8a\"><div class=\"et_pb_heading_container\"><h3 class=\"et_pb_module_header\">Contact<\/h3><\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_text_15 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--cx5wu0vmlo\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Urban Thier Federer Attorneys at Law \u2013 Germany\/USA<br \/>Carl Christian Thier, Esq., Attorney at Law, New York \u2013 Germany<br \/>Honorary Consul Austria<\/p>\n<p>Please briefly and confidentially describe your case. We will contact you promptly with a clear proposal for the next steps.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_button_module_wrapper et_pb_button_0_wrapper preset--module--divi-button--default_wrapper\"><a class=\"et_pb_button_0 et_pb_button et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--module--divi-button--default\" href=\"\/en\/contact\/\">Contact Us Now<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_2 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_flex_section\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_2 et_pb_row et_flex_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_2 et_pb_column et-last-child et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_24_24 et_flex_column_24_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_phone et_flex_column_24_24_phoneWide et_flex_column_24_24_tabletWide et_flex_column_24_24_widescreen et_flex_column_24_24_ultraWide\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_text_16 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h19rs5u--default preset--group--divi-text--divi-font-body--h1yjkjr--default preset--module--divi-text--2vspcbch5t preset--module--divi-text--rhe2xq3x3o\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><strong>Note:<\/strong> This blog\/article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. The information presented in the blog\/article does not replace the need to seek legal advice from a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction regarding your specific case. You should not rely on any statements made in this article. No part of this website creates an attorney-client relationship. We cannot guarantee that the information published is accurate, complete, or up-to-date.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"et_pb_section_3 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_flex_section\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_row_3 et_pb_row et_flex_row\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_column_3 et_pb_column et-last-child et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_24_24 et_flex_column_24_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_phone et_flex_column_24_24_phoneWide et_flex_column_24_24_tabletWide et_flex_column_24_24_widescreen et_flex_column_24_24_ultraWide\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_post_nav_0 et_pb_posts_nav nav-single et_pb_module et_flex_module\"><span class=\"nav-previous\"><a href=\"https:\/\/urbanthier.de\/en\/internationale-schiedsverfahren-in-den-usa\/\" rel=\"prev\" class=\"\"><span class=\"meta-nav\">\u2190 <\/span><span class=\"nav-label\">Previous article<\/span><\/a><\/span><span class=\"nav-next\"><a 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